Kryptoglanidae 0000183191 00000 n
Schools by the thousands. 0000196022 00000 n
0000162780 00000 n
0000125856 00000 n
Strongly migratory. 0000062256 00000 n
0000218503 00000 n
0000060469 00000 n
0000084006 00000 n
Reported to live 16 years. 0000254168 00000 n
0000188898 00000 n
0000052354 00000 n
0000099052 00000 n
"Siluriformes (Catfishes) 0000243457 00000 n
Feeds among plants, as well as from the bottom, on small invertebrates and on detritus. North America, native to central drainages of the United States and Mexico into southern Canada east of the Rocky Mountains, and possibly parts of the Atlantic coast. 0000058382 00000 n
Mississippi produces over 90% of the channel catfish farm-raised in the United States. ", Catfish is eaten in a variety of ways. Exceptions to this are the ariid catfish, where the young retain yolk sacs late into juvenile stages, and many pimelodids, which may have elongated barbels and fin filaments or coloration patterns. 0000194357 00000 n
0000146331 00000 n
0000148597 00000 n
0000133009 00000 n
At this rate, a total of 30–60 eggs are spawned by each female. 0000092514 00000 n
0000214412 00000 n
It is particularly cooked in a delicacy popularly known as "catfish pepper soup" which is enjoyed throughout the nation. 0000250000 00000 n
0000087499 00000 n
0000242618 00000 n
0000159330 00000 n
0000269181 00000 n
0000156077 00000 n
0000179815 00000 n
Females reach maturity in about one year, at a length of 5.5 in (14 cm). 0000080551 00000 n
Benthic, burrows in sandy bottoms. What characteristic gives catfish their name? 0000194226 00000 n
They are members of the Order Characiformes, one of four orders contained in the Ostariophysi superorder. 0000061463 00000 n
0000226402 00000 n
0000215932 00000 n
0000153565 00000 n
0000157622 00000 n
0000130206 00000 n
0000156915 00000 n
0000094264 00000 n
This and the following 2 orders (Characiformes and Siluriformes) constitute most of a monophyletic clade (the Ostariophysi) of mostly fresh water fish . The Yellow bullhead is similar to the black bullhead in nearly all respects, except it has white or creamy chin barbels. In captivity only takes floating items, it never disturbs the bottom looking for food. 0000052659 00000 n
Found inside – Page 119... catfish (order Siluriformes): ecomorphological implications. ... of a tight relationship between morphology and sound characteristics in Ophidiidae. 0000110056 00000 n
There are still many arguments about whether this group of fish should be further separated, but luckily all the species in Sydney look fairly similar. Free-swimming, shoaling species. 0000127798 00000 n
0000262208 00000 n
0000243699 00000 n
0000138137 00000 n
Many South American species of armored catfishes are benthic and diurnal. Freshwater Fishes of Manitoba is not only the definitive guide to these fishes of Manitoba, it is also accessible and reliable for a range of users from general fishers to professional fish biologists. 0000210155 00000 n
0000137875 00000 n
0000229971 00000 n
0000250629 00000 n
0000150196 00000 n
0000241217 00000 n
0000247837 00000 n
0000111144 00000 n
In Bangladesh and the Indian states of Odisha, West Bengal and Assam, catfish (locally known as magur) is eaten as a favored delicacy during the monsoons. 0000104443 00000 n
0000156582 00000 n
0000149299 00000 n
0000247238 00000 n
0000279266 00000 n
0000206818 00000 n
Many species in the catfish family possess an enhanced first pectoral fin ray, called the spine, which can be moved by large abductor and adductor muscles. Catfish fossils include Andinichthys, Incaichthys, and Hoff-stetterichthys (family Andinichthyidae) from the Upper Cretaceous and early late Paleocene of Bolivia; Corydoras revelatus (family Callichthyidae) from the late Paleocene of Argentina; Hypsidoris farsonensis, the only known species of the family Hypsidoridae, from the early middle Eocene of Wyoming, United States; late Eocene or early Oligocene (about 37 million years ago) material from Antarctica; Hoplosternum sp. 0000147591 00000 n
0000064971 00000 n
0000253355 00000 n
There are armour-plated types and also […] 0000139674 00000 n
0000073794 00000 n
0000137091 00000 n
0000064477 00000 n
0000070401 00000 n
0000063375 00000 n
Pikes. 0000056471 00000 n
These plates may be supported by vertebral processes, as in scoloplacids and in Sisor, but the processes never fuse to the plates or form any external armor. 0000115840 00000 n
0000095638 00000 n
0000222793 00000 n
0000157114 00000 n
0000097102 00000 n
0000266248 00000 n
Young mottled, brownish above, whitish below; adults mainly deep slate brown. Too small to be of interest as a food fish. 0000099890 00000 n
Despite their name, not all catfish have prominent barbels or "whiskers". How do catfish differ from most other fish? 0000102985 00000 n
With 29 species, Noturus is the most species-rich genus in the North and Central American catfish family Ictaluridae. These are the projections on their face that look like whiskers, like a cat, hence the common name cat fish. 0000072656 00000 n
0000135793 00000 n
0000101296 00000 n
0000108804 00000 n
0000254718 00000 n
To be a catfish it must have the characteristics of having smooth, scaleless-like skin, and the sets of barbels, or whiskers, on their faces. 0000251965 00000 n
0000258238 00000 n
0000199918 00000 n
0000062885 00000 n
0000170920 00000 n
0000190146 00000 n
0000134117 00000 n
0000091446 00000 n
0000222218 00000 n
0000148466 00000 n
0000072549 00000 n
0000144582 00000 n
0000166424 00000 n
0000086377 00000 n
0000183947 00000 n
The base of the catfishes' spines has a sequence of ridges, and the spine normally slides within a groove on the fish's pelvic girdle during routine movement; but, pressing the ridges on the spine against the pelvic girdle groove creates a series of short pulses. 56: Neotype description for the African catfish Clarias Gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) (Pisces: Siluroidei: Clariidae), Sustainable seafood advisory lists and certification, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Catfish&oldid=1045362848, Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages, Articles with unsourced statements from March 2020, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2007, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, The biggest flathead catfish caught was by Ken Paulie in the. 0000218746 00000 n
Reported to live 10 years. 0000138332 00000 n
0000253263 00000 n
However, the so-called armored catfishes are covered at least partially by deeply embedded bony plates or by tubercles. 0000125966 00000 n
The dorsal spine can inflict painful wounds if the fish is stepped on. 0000180319 00000 n
0000115557 00000 n
Physical characteristics of boal fish are described beneath. 0000182933 00000 n
Length 4.3 in (11.0 cm). 0000070742 00000 n
0000101236 00000 n
Skelton, Paul H. and Teugels, Guy G. 1992. 0000227495 00000 n
0000136698 00000 n
Channel Catfish: Life History and Biology - By Thomas L. Wellborn, University of Florida and published by the Southern Regional Agricultural Center and the Texas Aquaculture Extension Service - Channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus (Rafinesque), is the most important species of aquatic animal commercially cultured in the United States. 0000147281 00000 n
0000151530 00000 n
0000220512 00000 n
The female continues to spawn single eggs for one to two hours over three or four consecutive days. Anchariidae 0000085468 00000 n
Higher-level phylogeny of Siluriformes (Teleostei, Ostariophysi), with a new classification of the order. 0000264770 00000 n
0000077526 00000 n
0000154603 00000 n
These records pale in comparison to a giant Mekong catfish caught in northern Thailand on 1 May 2005 and reported to the press almost 2 months later that weighed 293 kilograms (646 lb). 0000192724 00000 n
0000104868 00000 n
0000144829 00000 n
0000128229 00000 n
Retrieved September 08, 2021 from Encyclopedia.com: https://www.encyclopedia.com/environment/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/siluriformes-catfishes. 0000071074 00000 n
0000151661 00000 n
0000195595 00000 n
0000209471 00000 n
0000261155 00000 n
0000109996 00000 n
0000144768 00000 n
0000169485 00000 n
Galeichthys bonillai Miles, 1945, Magdalena River, Honda, Colombia. Mojica, José Iván, Claudia Castellanos, José Saulo Usma, and Ricardo Álvarez, eds. 0000166128 00000 n
South America in middle and lower Orinoco River tributaries; Venezuelan and Colombian Caribbean coastal drainages, including the Magdalena River; Lake Maracaibo Basin, including the Catatumbo River. 0000058154 00000 n
0000241821 00000 n
0000217854 00000 n
0000094324 00000 n
0000062757 00000 n
0000239326 00000 n
0000090456 00000 n
0000070153 00000 n
0000085166 00000 n
0000193597 00000 n
0000141521 00000 n
0000203215 00000 n
[69], Phylogeny of living Siluriformes based on 2017[70] and extinct families based on Nelson, Grande & Wilson 2016. 0000183501 00000 n
With 15 families, including over 1300 species, Amazon catfish not only dominate the Amazon's aquatic diversity, but they account for almost half of all the catfish species in the world. 0000075780 00000 n
0000158151 00000 n
J.Linn. 0000100863 00000 n
0000223744 00000 n
0000134300 00000 n
0000085654 00000 n
0000252036 00000 n
The male builds a nest of bubbles, leaves, and other plant material at the surface, where the female lays the eggs in a flattened cluster. 0000081869 00000 n
0000153016 00000 n
Taken as deep as 49 ft (15 m). [24] The modification of the anal fin into an intromittent organ (in internal fertilizers) as well as accessory structures of the reproductive apparatus (in both internal and external fertilizers) have been described in species belonging to 11 different families. 0000089072 00000 n
0000262086 00000 n
0000086909 00000 n
0000163049 00000 n
0000134483 00000 n
0000164458 00000 n
0000155945 00000 n
Spawning occurs during the day in nests guarded by the male, beginning early spring in the south but later in the northern parts of its range, usually when the water warms to 60–75°F (16–24°C). 0000109817 00000 n
0000083382 00000 n
0000059468 00000 n
0000205213 00000 n
Introduction. Ictaluridae 0000136829 00000 n
0000133266 00000 n
0000228485 00000 n
0000190527 00000 n
Cranoglanididae 0000090208 00000 n
0000223409 00000 n
0000253734 00000 n
0000085897 00000 n
Found inside1 , SCIOTO MADTOM * Noturus trautmani ( Taylor ) Order : Siluriformes Family : Ictaluridae Distinguishing characteristics : A 50-100 millimeter long madtom ... 0000141028 00000 n
English: False talking catfish, Hancock's amblydoras, purring catfish; Spanish: Bagre ojiazul; Portuguese: Quiri-quiri. Astroblepidae [49], Fish must have fins and scales to be kosher. 0000164977 00000 n
The Diversity of Fishes.
, "Fishbase" [cited February 7, 2003]. �|�M�x������[� ����≉ϗ"�����/��~�G_��ҕ�T%�]q�Ϟ��z�k��/3�#��}����L%+�j_q��G���W~>X��䓕>*O
�k��F�J=w�gz1���ե}ՙ����}����w�?����_~�n��ǿoWG�T)��T���q��~���'T�o����U��B��Ɗ�O=.��dzZG�x�_��7�|�����^DRP|x 0000099180 00000 n
0000214899 00000 n
0000192480 00000 n
An obligate parasite that in captivity refuses any kind of food. 0000230656 00000 n
0000146776 00000 n
0000132353 00000 n
0000101512 00000 n
0000052697 00000 n
0000123242 00000 n
Systematic Distribution Electroreception is known in teleost fishes from only three primarily freshwater orders [Gymnotiformes, Siluriformes, and two osteoglossiform families, Mormyridae and Notopteridae, following Nelson (1994)].Thus, little can be stated directly about the electrosensory system of coral reef fishes, because . The male guards the nest until egg hatching. Catfish inhabits freshwater ecosystems such as rivers and streams but some species of catfish are adapted to the life in salt waters and caves. 0000214786 00000 n
0000124588 00000 n
0000186021 00000 n
0000068670 00000 n
2. 0000076808 00000 n
3 Bagre marinus Fig. 0000132648 00000 n
Most online reference entries and articles do not have page numbers. Spawning takes place in shallow lakes and on flooded areas during warm seasons, and even in saltwater in the Aral Sea. 0000084189 00000 n
0000086674 00000 n
0000075952 00000 n
0000204047 00000 n
0000147342 00000 n
0000075287 00000 n
0000133873 00000 n
0000208131 00000 n
New York: Columbia University Press, 1997. 0000198161 00000 n
0000251244 00000 n
0000187525 00000 n
0000127493 00000 n
[8][9] One such species is Phreatobius cisternarum, known to live underground in phreatic habitats. Misbranded food", "Fish Labelling (Amendment) (England) Regulations 2006", "How to cook the irresistible catfish pepper soup", "Checklist of catfish, recent and fossil (Osteichthyes: Siluriformes), and catalogue of siluriform primary types", "Revision of the endemic Malagasy catfish family Anchariidae (Teleostei: Siluriformes), with descriptions of a new genus and three new species", "Neotropical catfish diversity: an historical perspective", "Evolutionary Origin and Early Biogeography of Otophysan Fishes (Ostariophysi: Teleostei)", "Evolutionary history of Otophysi (Teleostei), a major clade of the modern freshwater fishes: Pangaean origin and Mesozoic radiation", "LSX: automated reduction of gene-specific lineage evolutionary rate heterogeneity for multi-gene phylogeny inference". 0000082533 00000 n
0000065683 00000 n
0000264365 00000 n
0000101716 00000 n
0000232031 00000 n
0000066311 00000 n
How do they use them? 0000183121 00000 n
0000366927 00000 n
0000241953 00000 n
0000240359 00000 n
0000210662 00000 n
. Historically, the FDA inspected all seafood products; however, in 2008, congress moved the Siluriformes Order fish inspection to the USDA/FSIS. 0000100479 00000 n
0000155820 00000 n
0000254921 00000 n
0000159824 00000 n
"All Catfish Species Inventory" [cited February 7, 2003]. 0000267086 00000 n
0000242891 00000 n
0000258546 00000 n
That country has tried to regulate the exploitation of the barred sorubim, as well as that of the northern Colombian population, establishing minimum sizes of capture and fishing seasons. 0000152152 00000 n
Species - Channel Catfish . 0000142267 00000 n
0000221907 00000 n
Soft-bottom dweller, but a good swimmer capable of long migrations. Fish eaters are also abundant. Not listed by the IUCN. 0000056851 00000 n
Therefore, it’s best to use Encyclopedia.com citations as a starting point before checking the style against your school or publication’s requirements and the most-recent information available at these sites: http://www.chicagomanualofstyle.org/tools_citationguide.html. 0000219787 00000 n
Length 1 in (2.5 cm). Spawning occurs almost year round, with a peak in the Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta between April and July. 0000182681 00000 n
0000122582 00000 n
Order Lepisosteiformes Order Acipenseriformes (Sturgeons and Paddlefishes) Order Cypriniformes (Minnows, Carps and Suckers) Order Siluriformes (North American Catfishes) Order Esociformes (Pikes and Pickerels) Order Salmoniformes (Trout and Salmon) Order Scorpaeniformes (Sculpins) Order Perciformes (Temperate Basses, Sunfish, Perches, Drums) 0000193790 00000 n
0000233837 00000 n
0000240847 00000 n
0000094983 00000 n
Eggs hatch in 6–10 days. 16, 17 The MCV normally ranges from . 0000220929 00000 n
0000235312 00000 n
0000261023 00000 n
0000174692 00000 n
0000140648 00000 n
Many catfish are nocturnal,[3][4] but others (many Auchenipteridae) are crepuscular or diurnal (most Loricariidae or Callichthyidae, for example). 0000088517 00000 n
0000145971 00000 n
0000223612 00000 n
0000184447 00000 n
0000114309 00000 n
0000244042 00000 n
0000212944 00000 n
0000067245 00000 n
0000119104 00000 n
0000126209 00000 n
0000150704 00000 n
0000181625 00000 n
However, it is considered endangered in Colombia due to overfishing, and most specimens fished at the turn of the twentieth century in that South American country were immature. Found inside – Page 698One order of primitive herring - like teleosts still retaining some holostean characters , including traces of ganoine on scales . Superorder Elpomorpha . 0000077225 00000 n
0000214969 00000 n
Lacantuniidae is included in the Sullivan scheme based on recent evidence that places it sister to Claroteidae. Bagridae Since the squeaker eggs hatch before the cichlid eggs, the catfish fry feed upon the host's fry inside her mouth! Order Cypriniformes (carps) Order Characiformes (tetras & others) Order Siluriformes (catfishes) Order Gymnotiformes (S. American knifefishes) • 64% of all fresh water fishes! 0000208202 00000 n
0000124893 00000 n
0000124520 00000 n
0000227983 00000 n
0000153817 00000 n
0000123872 00000 n
0000110861 00000 n
0000261348 00000 n
0000236772 00000 n
0000181850 00000 n
0000185709 00000 n
0000114061 00000 n
0000169354 00000 n
0000087806 00000 n
Soc., 106 (3): 175-229. de Pinna, M.C.C. 0000140230 00000 n
0000171095 00000 n
0000123497 00000 n
More specifically, in long-whiskered catfish, drumming sounds are used as a threatening signal and stridulations are used as a defense signal. 0000236956 00000 n
. 0000166485 00000 n
0000211922 00000 n
0000263749 00000 n
gland. 0000234876 00000 n
0000221241 00000 n
De Pinna, Mario C. C. "Phylogenetic Relationships of Neotropical Siluriformes (Teleostei: Ostariophysi): Historical Overview and Synthesis of Hypotheses." 0000087737 00000 n
0000240491 00000 n
0000094914 00000 n
The Weberian apparatus of catfishes involves five vertebrae, and their caudal skeleton is variable, ranging from six independent plates to the complete fusion of all its elements. Many catfish have a tapetum lucidum which may help enhance photon capture and increase low-light sensitivity. The order Siluriformes is one of the most important components of the Neotropical freshwater fauna with over 3800 described species (Fricke et al., 2020).It is one of the most prominent groups of freshwater fish biodiversity worldwide, being particularly species-rich in South America and Asia. 0000186458 00000 n
0000207826 00000 n
0000124765 00000 n
0000158651 00000 n
0000229728 00000 n
Marketed fresh, canned, and frozen. 0000178702 00000 n
0000151975 00000 n
0000117537 00000 n
0000222482 00000 n
Catfishes are considered one of the more important orders of vertebrates, not only because more than one-tenth of living fishes are siluriforms, but because their relationship with humans covers many aspects of life and culture. 0000088816 00000 n
0000257816 00000 n
Females lay about 100 eggs under a rock or on the roof of a cave; eggs hatch in about seven days. brasiliensis)
/Next 1185 0 R
/Prev 1191 0 R
/Parent 183 0 R
/A 1192 0 R
>>
endobj
1189 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1190 0 R
/D [ 1 /FitH 650 ]
>>
endobj
1190 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e33.pdf)
>>
endobj
1191 0 obj
<<
/Title (Atherinella blackburni)
/Next 1188 0 R
/Prev 1194 0 R
/Parent 183 0 R
/A 1195 0 R
>>
endobj
1192 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1193 0 R
/D [ 1 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1193 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e33.pdf)
>>
endobj
1194 0 obj
<<
/Title (Atherinella beani)
/Next 1191 0 R
/Prev 1138 0 R
/Parent 183 0 R
/A 1197 0 R
>>
endobj
1195 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1196 0 R
/D [ 0 /FitH 475 ]
>>
endobj
1196 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e33.pdf)
>>
endobj
1197 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1198 0 R
/D [ 0 /FitH 618 ]
>>
endobj
1198 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e33.pdf)
>>
endobj
1199 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1200 0 R
/D [ 0 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1200 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e33.pdf)
>>
endobj
1201 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e32.pdf)
>>
endobj
1202 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e34.pdf)
>>
endobj
1203 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1276 0 R
/D [ 0 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1204 0 obj
<<
/Title (Scomberesocidae)
/A 1226 0 R
/Next 1227 0 R
/Prev 180 0 R
/Parent 178 0 R
/First 1228 0 R
/Last 1228 0 R
/Count -1
>>
endobj
1205 0 obj
<<
/Title (Ablennes hians)
/A 1224 0 R
/Parent 180 0 R
/Next 1219 0 R
>>
endobj
1206 0 obj
<<
/Title (Tylosurus crocodilus crocodilus)
/Prev 1207 0 R
/Parent 180 0 R
/A 1208 0 R
>>
endobj
1207 0 obj
<<
/Title (Tylosurus acus acus)
/Next 1206 0 R
/Prev 1210 0 R
/Parent 180 0 R
/A 1211 0 R
>>
endobj
1208 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1209 0 R
/D [ 9 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1209 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e34.pdf)
>>
endobj
1210 0 obj
<<
/Title (Strongylura timucu)
/Next 1207 0 R
/Prev 1213 0 R
/Parent 180 0 R
/A 1214 0 R
>>
endobj
1211 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1212 0 R
/D [ 8 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1212 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e34.pdf)
>>
endobj
1213 0 obj
<<
/Title (Strongylura notata)
/Next 1210 0 R
/Prev 1216 0 R
/Parent 180 0 R
/A 1217 0 R
>>
endobj
1214 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1215 0 R
/D [ 7 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1215 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e34.pdf)
>>
endobj
1216 0 obj
<<
/Title (Strongylura marina)
/Next 1213 0 R
/Prev 1219 0 R
/Parent 180 0 R
/A 1220 0 R
>>
endobj
1217 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1218 0 R
/D [ 6 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1218 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e34.pdf)
>>
endobj
1219 0 obj
<<
/Title (Platybelone argalus argalus)
/Next 1216 0 R
/Prev 1205 0 R
/Parent 180 0 R
/A 1222 0 R
>>
endobj
1220 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1221 0 R
/D [ 5 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1221 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e34.pdf)
>>
endobj
1222 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1223 0 R
/D [ 4 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1223 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e34.pdf)
>>
endobj
1224 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1225 0 R
/D [ 3 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1225 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e34.pdf)
>>
endobj
1226 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1275 0 R
/D [ 10 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1227 0 obj
<<
/Title (Exocoetidae)
/A 1231 0 R
/Next 179 0 R
/Prev 1204 0 R
/Parent 178 0 R
/First 1232 0 R
/Last 1233 0 R
/Count -14
>>
endobj
1228 0 obj
<<
/Title (Scomberesox saurus saurus)
/A 1229 0 R
/Parent 1204 0 R
>>
endobj
1229 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1230 0 R
/D [ 10 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1230 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e34.pdf)
>>
endobj
1231 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1274 0 R
/D [ 0 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1232 0 obj
<<
/Title (Cheilopogon cyanopterus)
/A 1272 0 R
/Parent 1227 0 R
/Next 1267 0 R
>>
endobj
1233 0 obj
<<
/Title (Prognichthys occidentalis)
/Prev 1234 0 R
/Parent 1227 0 R
/A 1235 0 R
>>
endobj
1234 0 obj
<<
/Title (Prognichthys glaphyrae)
/Next 1233 0 R
/Prev 1237 0 R
/Parent 1227 0 R
/A 1238 0 R
>>
endobj
1235 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1236 0 R
/D [ 4 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1236 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e36.pdf)
>>
endobj
1237 0 obj
<<
/Title (Parexocoetus hillianus)
/Next 1234 0 R
/Prev 1240 0 R
/Parent 1227 0 R
/A 1241 0 R
>>
endobj
1238 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1239 0 R
/D [ 3 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1239 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e36.pdf)
>>
endobj
1240 0 obj
<<
/Title (Hirundichthys speculiger)
/Next 1237 0 R
/Prev 1243 0 R
/Parent 1227 0 R
/A 1244 0 R
>>
endobj
1241 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1242 0 R
/D [ 2 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1242 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e36.pdf)
>>
endobj
1243 0 obj
<<
/Title (Hirundichthys rondeletii)
/Next 1240 0 R
/Prev 1246 0 R
/Parent 1227 0 R
/A 1247 0 R
>>
endobj
1244 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1245 0 R
/D [ 1 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1245 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e36.pdf)
>>
endobj
1246 0 obj
<<
/Title (Hirundichthys affinis)
/Next 1243 0 R
/Prev 1249 0 R
/Parent 1227 0 R
/A 1250 0 R
>>
endobj
1247 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1248 0 R
/D [ 0 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1248 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e36.pdf)
>>
endobj
1249 0 obj
<<
/Title (Exocoetus volitans)
/Next 1246 0 R
/Prev 1252 0 R
/Parent 1227 0 R
/A 1253 0 R
>>
endobj
1250 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1251 0 R
/D [ 13 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1251 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e35.pdf)
>>
endobj
1252 0 obj
<<
/Title (Exocoetus obtusirostris)
/Next 1249 0 R
/Prev 1255 0 R
/Parent 1227 0 R
/A 1256 0 R
>>
endobj
1253 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1254 0 R
/D [ 12 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1254 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e35.pdf)
>>
endobj
1255 0 obj
<<
/Title (Cypselurus comatus)
/Next 1252 0 R
/Prev 1258 0 R
/Parent 1227 0 R
/A 1259 0 R
>>
endobj
1256 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1257 0 R
/D [ 11 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1257 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e35.pdf)
>>
endobj
1258 0 obj
<<
/Title (Cheilopogon melanurus)
/Next 1255 0 R
/Prev 1261 0 R
/Parent 1227 0 R
/A 1262 0 R
>>
endobj
1259 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1260 0 R
/D [ 10 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1260 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e35.pdf)
>>
endobj
1261 0 obj
<<
/Title (Cheilopogon heterurus)
/Next 1258 0 R
/Prev 1264 0 R
/Parent 1227 0 R
/A 1265 0 R
>>
endobj
1262 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1263 0 R
/D [ 9 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1263 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e35.pdf)
>>
endobj
1264 0 obj
<<
/Title (Cheilopogon furcatus)
/Next 1261 0 R
/Prev 1267 0 R
/Parent 1227 0 R
/A 1268 0 R
>>
endobj
1265 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1266 0 R
/D [ 8 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1266 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e35.pdf)
>>
endobj
1267 0 obj
<<
/Title (Cheilopogon exsiliens)
/Next 1264 0 R
/Prev 1232 0 R
/Parent 1227 0 R
/A 1270 0 R
>>
endobj
1268 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1269 0 R
/D [ 7 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1269 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e35.pdf)
>>
endobj
1270 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1271 0 R
/D [ 6 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1271 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e35.pdf)
>>
endobj
1272 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1273 0 R
/D [ 5 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1273 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e35.pdf)
>>
endobj
1274 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e35.pdf)
>>
endobj
1275 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e34.pdf)
>>
endobj
1276 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e34.pdf)
>>
endobj
1277 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1305 0 R
/D [ 5 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1278 0 obj
<<
/Title (Hemiramphus balao)
/A 1303 0 R
/Parent 179 0 R
/Next 1298 0 R
>>
endobj
1279 0 obj
<<
/Title (Oxyporhamphus micropterus similis)
/Prev 1280 0 R
/Parent 179 0 R
/A 1281 0 R
>>
endobj
1280 0 obj
<<
/Title (Hyporhamphus roberti)
/Next 1279 0 R
/Prev 1283 0 R
/Parent 179 0 R
/A 1284 0 R
>>
endobj
1281 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1282 0 R
/D [ 14 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1282 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e36.pdf)
>>
endobj
1283 0 obj
<<
/Title (Euleptorhamphus velox)
/Next 1280 0 R
/Prev 1286 0 R
/Parent 179 0 R
/A 1287 0 R
>>
endobj
1284 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1285 0 R
/D [ 13 /FitH 475 ]
>>
endobj
1285 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e36.pdf)
>>
endobj
1286 0 obj
<<
/Title (Chriodorus atherinoides)
/Next 1283 0 R
/Prev 1289 0 R
/Parent 179 0 R
/A 1290 0 R
>>
endobj
1287 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1288 0 R
/D [ 13 /FitH 650 ]
>>
endobj
1288 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e36.pdf)
>>
endobj
1289 0 obj
<<
/Title (Hyporhamphus unifasciatus)
/Next 1286 0 R
/Prev 1292 0 R
/Parent 179 0 R
/A 1293 0 R
>>
endobj
1290 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1291 0 R
/D [ 13 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1291 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e36.pdf)
>>
endobj
1292 0 obj
<<
/Title (Hyporhamphus meeki)
/Next 1289 0 R
/Prev 1295 0 R
/Parent 179 0 R
/A 1296 0 R
>>
endobj
1293 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1294 0 R
/D [ 12 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1294 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e36.pdf)
>>
endobj
1295 0 obj
<<
/Title (Hemiramphus brasiliensis)
/Next 1292 0 R
/Prev 1298 0 R
/Parent 179 0 R
/A 1299 0 R
>>
endobj
1296 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1297 0 R
/D [ 11 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1297 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e36.pdf)
>>
endobj
1298 0 obj
<<
/Title (Hemiramphus bermudensis)
/Next 1295 0 R
/Prev 1278 0 R
/Parent 179 0 R
/A 1301 0 R
>>
endobj
1299 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1300 0 R
/D [ 10 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1300 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e36.pdf)
>>
endobj
1301 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1302 0 R
/D [ 9 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1302 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e36.pdf)
>>
endobj
1303 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1304 0 R
/D [ 8 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1304 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e36.pdf)
>>
endobj
1305 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e36.pdf)
>>
endobj
1306 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e37.pdf)
>>
endobj
1307 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1317 0 R
/D [ 0 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1308 0 obj
<<
/Title (Fundulidae)
/A 1309 0 R
/Next 1310 0 R
/Prev 176 0 R
/Parent 174 0 R
>>
endobj
1309 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1316 0 R
/D [ 2 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1310 0 obj
<<
/Title (Anablepidae)
/A 1311 0 R
/Next 1312 0 R
/Prev 1308 0 R
/Parent 174 0 R
>>
endobj
1311 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1315 0 R
/D [ 7 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1312 0 obj
<<
/Title (Poeciliidae)
/A 1313 0 R
/Next 175 0 R
/Prev 1310 0 R
/Parent 174 0 R
>>
endobj
1313 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1314 0 R
/D [ 9 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1314 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e37.pdf)
>>
endobj
1315 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e37.pdf)
>>
endobj
1316 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e37.pdf)
>>
endobj
1317 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e37.pdf)
>>
endobj
1318 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1319 0 R
/D [ 13 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1319 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e37.pdf)
>>
endobj
1320 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e38.pdf)
>>
endobj
1321 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1340 0 R
/D [ 0 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1322 0 obj
<<
/Title (Gibberichthyidae)
/A 1323 0 R
/Next 1324 0 R
/Prev 172 0 R
/Parent 170 0 R
>>
endobj
1323 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1339 0 R
/D [ 2 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1324 0 obj
<<
/Title (Stephanoberycidae)
/A 1325 0 R
/Next 1326 0 R
/Prev 1322 0 R
/Parent 170 0 R
>>
endobj
1325 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1338 0 R
/D [ 4 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1326 0 obj
<<
/Title (Rondeletiidae)
/A 1327 0 R
/Next 1328 0 R
/Prev 1324 0 R
/Parent 170 0 R
>>
endobj
1327 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1337 0 R
/D [ 6 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1328 0 obj
<<
/Title (Barbourisiidae)
/A 1329 0 R
/Next 1330 0 R
/Prev 1326 0 R
/Parent 170 0 R
>>
endobj
1329 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1336 0 R
/D [ 8 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1330 0 obj
<<
/Title (Cetomimidae)
/A 1331 0 R
/Next 1332 0 R
/Prev 1328 0 R
/Parent 170 0 R
>>
endobj
1331 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1335 0 R
/D [ 9 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1332 0 obj
<<
/Title (Mirapinnidae)
/A 1333 0 R
/Next 171 0 R
/Prev 1330 0 R
/Parent 170 0 R
>>
endobj
1333 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1334 0 R
/D [ 12 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1334 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e38.pdf)
>>
endobj
1335 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e38.pdf)
>>
endobj
1336 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e38.pdf)
>>
endobj
1337 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e38.pdf)
>>
endobj
1338 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e38.pdf)
>>
endobj
1339 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e38.pdf)
>>
endobj
1340 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e38.pdf)
>>
endobj
1341 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1342 0 R
/D [ 14 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1342 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e38.pdf)
>>
endobj
1343 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e39.pdf)
>>
endobj
1344 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1378 0 R
/D [ 0 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1345 0 obj
<<
/Title (Diretmidae)
/A 1346 0 R
/Next 1347 0 R
/Prev 168 0 R
/Parent 166 0 R
>>
endobj
1346 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1377 0 R
/D [ 2 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1347 0 obj
<<
/Title (Anomalopidae)
/A 1348 0 R
/Next 1349 0 R
/Prev 1345 0 R
/Parent 166 0 R
>>
endobj
1348 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1376 0 R
/D [ 4 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1349 0 obj
<<
/Title (Trachichthyidae)
/A 1350 0 R
/Next 1351 0 R
/Prev 1347 0 R
/Parent 166 0 R
/First 1352 0 R
/Last 1353 0 R
/Count -5
>>
endobj
1350 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1375 0 R
/D [ 6 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1351 0 obj
<<
/Title (Berycidae)
/A 1367 0 R
/Next 167 0 R
/Prev 1349 0 R
/Parent 166 0 R
/First 1368 0 R
/Last 1369 0 R
/Count -2
>>
endobj
1352 0 obj
<<
/Title (Aulotrachichthys argyrophanus)
/A 1365 0 R
/Parent 1349 0 R
/Next 1360 0 R
>>
endobj
1353 0 obj
<<
/Title (Hoplostethus occidentalis)
/Prev 1354 0 R
/Parent 1349 0 R
/A 1355 0 R
>>
endobj
1354 0 obj
<<
/Title (Hoplostethus mediterraneus)
/Next 1353 0 R
/Prev 1357 0 R
/Parent 1349 0 R
/A 1358 0 R
>>
endobj
1355 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1356 0 R
/D [ 10 /FitH 618 ]
>>
endobj
1356 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e39.pdf)
>>
endobj
1357 0 obj
<<
/Title (Hoplostethus atlanticus)
/Next 1354 0 R
/Prev 1360 0 R
/Parent 1349 0 R
/A 1361 0 R
>>
endobj
1358 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1359 0 R
/D [ 10 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1359 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e39.pdf)
>>
endobj
1360 0 obj
<<
/Title (Gephyroberyx darwinii)
/Next 1357 0 R
/Prev 1352 0 R
/Parent 1349 0 R
/A 1363 0 R
>>
endobj
1361 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1362 0 R
/D [ 9 /FitH 475 ]
>>
endobj
1362 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e39.pdf)
>>
endobj
1363 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1364 0 R
/D [ 9 /FitH 618 ]
>>
endobj
1364 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e39.pdf)
>>
endobj
1365 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1366 0 R
/D [ 9 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1366 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e39.pdf)
>>
endobj
1367 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1374 0 R
/D [ 11 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1368 0 obj
<<
/Title (Beryx decadactylus)
/A 1372 0 R
/Parent 1351 0 R
/Next 1369 0 R
>>
endobj
1369 0 obj
<<
/Title (Beryx splendens)
/Prev 1368 0 R
/Parent 1351 0 R
/A 1370 0 R
>>
endobj
1370 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1371 0 R
/D [ 13 /FitH 555 ]
>>
endobj
1371 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e39.pdf)
>>
endobj
1372 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1373 0 R
/D [ 13 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1373 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e39.pdf)
>>
endobj
1374 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e39.pdf)
>>
endobj
1375 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e39.pdf)
>>
endobj
1376 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e39.pdf)
>>
endobj
1377 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e39.pdf)
>>
endobj
1378 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e39.pdf)
>>
endobj
1379 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1413 0 R
/D [ 0 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1380 0 obj
<<
/Title (Holocentrus adscensionis)
/A 1411 0 R
/Parent 167 0 R
/Next 1406 0 R
>>
endobj
1381 0 obj
<<
/Title (Sargocentron vexillarium)
/Prev 1382 0 R
/Parent 167 0 R
/A 1383 0 R
>>
endobj
1382 0 obj
<<
/Title (Sargocentron poco)
/Next 1381 0 R
/Prev 1385 0 R
/Parent 167 0 R
/A 1386 0 R
>>
endobj
1383 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1384 0 R
/D [ 10 /FitH 618 ]
>>
endobj
1384 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e40.pdf)
>>
endobj
1385 0 obj
<<
/Title (Sargocentron coruscum)
/Next 1382 0 R
/Prev 1388 0 R
/Parent 167 0 R
/A 1389 0 R
>>
endobj
1386 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1387 0 R
/D [ 10 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1387 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e40.pdf)
>>
endobj
1388 0 obj
<<
/Title (Sargocentron bullisi)
/Next 1385 0 R
/Prev 1391 0 R
/Parent 167 0 R
/A 1392 0 R
>>
endobj
1389 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1390 0 R
/D [ 9 /FitH 475 ]
>>
endobj
1390 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e40.pdf)
>>
endobj
1391 0 obj
<<
/Title (Plectrypops retrospinis)
/Next 1388 0 R
/Prev 1394 0 R
/Parent 167 0 R
/A 1395 0 R
>>
endobj
1392 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1393 0 R
/D [ 9 /FitH 587 ]
>>
endobj
1393 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e40.pdf)
>>
endobj
1394 0 obj
<<
/Title (Ostichthys trachypoma)
/Next 1391 0 R
/Prev 1397 0 R
/Parent 167 0 R
/A 1398 0 R
>>
endobj
1395 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1396 0 R
/D [ 9 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1396 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e40.pdf)
>>
endobj
1397 0 obj
<<
/Title (Neoniphon marianus)
/Next 1394 0 R
/Prev 1400 0 R
/Parent 167 0 R
/A 1401 0 R
>>
endobj
1398 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1399 0 R
/D [ 8 /FitH 475 ]
>>
endobj
1399 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e40.pdf)
>>
endobj
1400 0 obj
<<
/Title (Corniger spinosus)
/Next 1397 0 R
/Prev 1403 0 R
/Parent 167 0 R
/A 1404 0 R
>>
endobj
1401 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1402 0 R
/D [ 8 /FitH 618 ]
>>
endobj
1402 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e40.pdf)
>>
endobj
1403 0 obj
<<
/Title (Myripristis jacobus)
/Next 1400 0 R
/Prev 1406 0 R
/Parent 167 0 R
/A 1407 0 R
>>
endobj
1404 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1405 0 R
/D [ 8 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1405 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e40.pdf)
>>
endobj
1406 0 obj
<<
/Title (Holocentrus rufus)
/Next 1403 0 R
/Prev 1380 0 R
/Parent 167 0 R
/A 1409 0 R
>>
endobj
1407 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1408 0 R
/D [ 7 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1408 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e40.pdf)
>>
endobj
1409 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1410 0 R
/D [ 6 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1410 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e40.pdf)
>>
endobj
1411 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1412 0 R
/D [ 5 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1412 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e40.pdf)
>>
endobj
1413 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e40.pdf)
>>
endobj
1414 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e41.pdf)
>>
endobj
1415 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1440 0 R
/D [ 0 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1416 0 obj
<<
/Title (Zeniontidae)
/A 1417 0 R
/Next 1418 0 R
/Prev 164 0 R
/Parent 162 0 R
>>
endobj
1417 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1439 0 R
/D [ 2 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1418 0 obj
<<
/Title (Zeidae)
/A 1419 0 R
/Next 1420 0 R
/Prev 1416 0 R
/Parent 162 0 R
/First 1421 0 R
/Last 1422 0 R
/Count -2
>>
endobj
1419 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1438 0 R
/D [ 4 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1420 0 obj
<<
/Title (Oreosomatidae)
/A 1427 0 R
/Next 1428 0 R
/Prev 1418 0 R
/Parent 162 0 R
>>
endobj
1421 0 obj
<<
/Title (Cyttopsis rosea)
/A 1425 0 R
/Parent 1418 0 R
/Next 1422 0 R
>>
endobj
1422 0 obj
<<
/Title (Zenopsis conchifer)
/Prev 1421 0 R
/Parent 1418 0 R
/A 1423 0 R
>>
endobj
1423 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1424 0 R
/D [ 8 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1424 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e41.pdf)
>>
endobj
1425 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1426 0 R
/D [ 7 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1426 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e41.pdf)
>>
endobj
1427 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1437 0 R
/D [ 9 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1428 0 obj
<<
/Title (Grammicolepidae)
/A 1429 0 R
/Next 163 0 R
/Prev 1420 0 R
/Parent 162 0 R
/First 1430 0 R
/Last 1431 0 R
/Count -2
>>
endobj
1429 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1436 0 R
/D [ 11 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1430 0 obj
<<
/Title (Grammicolepis brachiusculus)
/A 1434 0 R
/Parent 1428 0 R
/Next 1431 0 R
>>
endobj
1431 0 obj
<<
/Title (Xenolepidichthys dalgleishi)
/Prev 1430 0 R
/Parent 1428 0 R
/A 1432 0 R
>>
endobj
1432 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1433 0 R
/D [ 13 /FitH 475 ]
>>
endobj
1433 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e41.pdf)
>>
endobj
1434 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1435 0 R
/D [ 13 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1435 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e41.pdf)
>>
endobj
1436 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e41.pdf)
>>
endobj
1437 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e41.pdf)
>>
endobj
1438 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e41.pdf)
>>
endobj
1439 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e41.pdf)
>>
endobj
1440 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e41.pdf)
>>
endobj
1441 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1448 0 R
/D [ 14 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1442 0 obj
<<
/Title (Antigonia capros)
/A 1446 0 R
/Parent 163 0 R
/Next 1443 0 R
>>
endobj
1443 0 obj
<<
/Title (Antigonia combatia)
/Prev 1442 0 R
/Parent 163 0 R
/A 1444 0 R
>>
endobj
1444 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1445 0 R
/D [ 17 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1445 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e41.pdf)
>>
endobj
1446 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1447 0 R
/D [ 16 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1447 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e41.pdf)
>>
endobj
1448 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e41.pdf)
>>
endobj
1449 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e42.pdf)
>>
endobj
1450 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1463 0 R
/D [ 8 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1451 0 obj
<<
/Title (Fistulariidae)
/A 1455 0 R
/Next 160 0 R
/Prev 1456 0 R
/Parent 158 0 R
>>
endobj
1452 0 obj
<<
/Title (Macroramphosus scolopax)
/A 1453 0 R
/Parent 160 0 R
>>
endobj
1453 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1454 0 R
/D [ 8 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1454 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e42.pdf)
>>
endobj
1455 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1462 0 R
/D [ 6 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1456 0 obj
<<
/Title (Aulostomidae)
/A 1457 0 R
/Next 1451 0 R
/Prev 159 0 R
/Parent 158 0 R
/First 1458 0 R
/Last 1458 0 R
/Count -1
>>
endobj
1457 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1461 0 R
/D [ 5 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1458 0 obj
<<
/Title (Aulostomus maculatus)
/A 1459 0 R
/Parent 1456 0 R
>>
endobj
1459 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1460 0 R
/D [ 5 /FitH 746 ]
>>
endobj
1460 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e42.pdf)
>>
endobj
1461 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e42.pdf)
>>
endobj
1462 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e42.pdf)
>>
endobj
1463 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e42.pdf)
>>
endobj
1464 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1474 0 R
/D [ 0 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1465 0 obj
<<
/Title (Hippocampus erectus)
/A 1472 0 R
/Parent 159 0 R
/Next 1467 0 R
>>
endobj
1466 0 obj
<<
/Title (Hippocampus zosterae)
/Prev 1467 0 R
/Parent 159 0 R
/A 1468 0 R
>>
endobj
1467 0 obj
<<
/Title (Hippocampus reidi)
/Next 1466 0 R
/Prev 1465 0 R
/Parent 159 0 R
/A 1470 0 R
>>
endobj
1468 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1469 0 R
/D [ 4 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1469 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e42.pdf)
>>
endobj
1470 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1471 0 R
/D [ 3 /FitH 491 ]
>>
endobj
1471 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e42.pdf)
>>
endobj
1472 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1473 0 R
/D [ 3 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1473 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e42.pdf)
>>
endobj
1474 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e42.pdf)
>>
endobj
1475 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e43.pdf)
>>
endobj
1476 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1624 0 R
/D [ 0 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1477 0 obj
<<
/Title (Scorpaenidae)
/A 1481 0 R
/Next 1482 0 R
/Prev 156 0 R
/Parent 154 0 R
/First 1483 0 R
/Last 1484 0 R
/Count -27
>>
endobj
1478 0 obj
<<
/Title (Dactylopterus volitans)
/A 1479 0 R
/Parent 156 0 R
>>
endobj
1479 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1480 0 R
/D [ 0 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1480 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e43.pdf)
>>
endobj
1481 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1623 0 R
/D [ 2 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1482 0 obj
<<
/Title (Triglidae)
/A 1564 0 R
/Next 155 0 R
/Prev 1477 0 R
/Parent 154 0 R
/First 1565 0 R
/Last 1566 0 R
/Count -19
>>
endobj
1483 0 obj
<<
/Title (Ectreposebastes imus)
/A 1562 0 R
/Parent 1477 0 R
/Next 1557 0 R
>>
endobj
1484 0 obj
<<
/Title (Trachyscorpia cristulata)
/Prev 1485 0 R
/Parent 1477 0 R
/A 1486 0 R
>>
endobj
1485 0 obj
<<
/Title (Setarches guentheri)
/Next 1484 0 R
/Prev 1488 0 R
/Parent 1477 0 R
/A 1489 0 R
>>
endobj
1486 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1487 0 R
/D [ 10 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1487 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e45.pdf)
>>
endobj
1488 0 obj
<<
/Title (Scorpaenodes tredecimspinosus)
/Next 1485 0 R
/Prev 1491 0 R
/Parent 1477 0 R
/A 1492 0 R
>>
endobj
1489 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1490 0 R
/D [ 9 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1490 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e45.pdf)
>>
endobj
1491 0 obj
<<
/Title (Scorpaenodes caribbaeus)
/Next 1488 0 R
/Prev 1494 0 R
/Parent 1477 0 R
/A 1495 0 R
>>
endobj
1492 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1493 0 R
/D [ 8 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1493 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e45.pdf)
>>
endobj
1494 0 obj
<<
/Title (Scorpaena plumieri)
/Next 1491 0 R
/Prev 1497 0 R
/Parent 1477 0 R
/A 1498 0 R
>>
endobj
1495 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1496 0 R
/D [ 7 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1496 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e45.pdf)
>>
endobj
1497 0 obj
<<
/Title (Scorpaena isthmensis)
/Next 1494 0 R
/Prev 1500 0 R
/Parent 1477 0 R
/A 1501 0 R
>>
endobj
1498 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1499 0 R
/D [ 6 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1499 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e45.pdf)
>>
endobj
1500 0 obj
<<
/Title (Scorpaena inermis)
/Next 1497 0 R
/Prev 1503 0 R
/Parent 1477 0 R
/A 1504 0 R
>>
endobj
1501 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1502 0 R
/D [ 5 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1502 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e45.pdf)
>>
endobj
1503 0 obj
<<
/Title (Scorpaena grandicornis)
/Next 1500 0 R
/Prev 1506 0 R
/Parent 1477 0 R
/A 1507 0 R
>>
endobj
1504 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1505 0 R
/D [ 4 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1505 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e45.pdf)
>>
endobj
1506 0 obj
<<
/Title (Scorpaena elachys)
/Next 1503 0 R
/Prev 1509 0 R
/Parent 1477 0 R
/A 1510 0 R
>>
endobj
1507 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1508 0 R
/D [ 3 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1508 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e45.pdf)
>>
endobj
1509 0 obj
<<
/Title (Scorpaena dispar)
/Next 1506 0 R
/Prev 1512 0 R
/Parent 1477 0 R
/A 1513 0 R
>>
endobj
1510 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1511 0 R
/D [ 2 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1511 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e45.pdf)
>>
endobj
1512 0 obj
<<
/Title (Scorpaena calcarata)
/Next 1509 0 R
/Prev 1515 0 R
/Parent 1477 0 R
/A 1516 0 R
>>
endobj
1513 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1514 0 R
/D [ 1 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1514 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e45.pdf)
>>
endobj
1515 0 obj
<<
/Title (Scorpaena brasiliensis)
/Next 1512 0 R
/Prev 1518 0 R
/Parent 1477 0 R
/A 1519 0 R
>>
endobj
1516 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1517 0 R
/D [ 0 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1517 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e45.pdf)
>>
endobj
1518 0 obj
<<
/Title (Scorpaena brachyptera)
/Next 1515 0 R
/Prev 1521 0 R
/Parent 1477 0 R
/A 1522 0 R
>>
endobj
1519 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1520 0 R
/D [ 9 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1520 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e44.pdf)
>>
endobj
1521 0 obj
<<
/Title (Scorpaena bergii)
/Next 1518 0 R
/Prev 1524 0 R
/Parent 1477 0 R
/A 1525 0 R
>>
endobj
1522 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1523 0 R
/D [ 8 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1523 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e44.pdf)
>>
endobj
1524 0 obj
<<
/Title (Scorpaena albifimbria)
/Next 1521 0 R
/Prev 1527 0 R
/Parent 1477 0 R
/A 1528 0 R
>>
endobj
1525 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1526 0 R
/D [ 7 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1526 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e44.pdf)
>>
endobj
1527 0 obj
<<
/Title (Scorpaena agassizii)
/Next 1524 0 R
/Prev 1530 0 R
/Parent 1477 0 R
/A 1531 0 R
>>
endobj
1528 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1529 0 R
/D [ 6 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1529 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e44.pdf)
>>
endobj
1530 0 obj
<<
/Title (Pontinus rathbuni)
/Next 1527 0 R
/Prev 1533 0 R
/Parent 1477 0 R
/A 1534 0 R
>>
endobj
1531 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1532 0 R
/D [ 5 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1532 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e44.pdf)
>>
endobj
1533 0 obj
<<
/Title (Pontinus nematophthalmus)
/Next 1530 0 R
/Prev 1536 0 R
/Parent 1477 0 R
/A 1537 0 R
>>
endobj
1534 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1535 0 R
/D [ 4 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1535 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e44.pdf)
>>
endobj
1536 0 obj
<<
/Title (Pontinus longispinis)
/Next 1533 0 R
/Prev 1539 0 R
/Parent 1477 0 R
/A 1540 0 R
>>
endobj
1537 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1538 0 R
/D [ 3 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1538 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e44.pdf)
>>
endobj
1539 0 obj
<<
/Title (Pontinus helena)
/Next 1536 0 R
/Prev 1542 0 R
/Parent 1477 0 R
/A 1543 0 R
>>
endobj
1540 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1541 0 R
/D [ 2 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1541 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e44.pdf)
>>
endobj
1542 0 obj
<<
/Title (Pontinus castor)
/Next 1539 0 R
/Prev 1545 0 R
/Parent 1477 0 R
/A 1546 0 R
>>
endobj
1543 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1544 0 R
/D [ 1 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1544 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e44.pdf)
>>
endobj
1545 0 obj
<<
/Title (Phenacoscorpius nebris)
/Next 1542 0 R
/Prev 1548 0 R
/Parent 1477 0 R
/A 1549 0 R
>>
endobj
1546 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1547 0 R
/D [ 0 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1547 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e44.pdf)
>>
endobj
1548 0 obj
<<
/Title (Neomerinthe hemingwayi)
/Next 1545 0 R
/Prev 1551 0 R
/Parent 1477 0 R
/A 1552 0 R
>>
endobj
1549 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1550 0 R
/D [ 14 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1550 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e43.pdf)
>>
endobj
1551 0 obj
<<
/Title (Neomerinthe beanorum)
/Next 1548 0 R
/Prev 1554 0 R
/Parent 1477 0 R
/A 1555 0 R
>>
endobj
1552 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1553 0 R
/D [ 13 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1553 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e43.pdf)
>>
endobj
1554 0 obj
<<
/Title (Idiastion kyphos)
/Next 1551 0 R
/Prev 1557 0 R
/Parent 1477 0 R
/A 1558 0 R
>>
endobj
1555 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1556 0 R
/D [ 12 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1556 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e43.pdf)
>>
endobj
1557 0 obj
<<
/Title (Helicolenus dactylopterus)
/Next 1554 0 R
/Prev 1483 0 R
/Parent 1477 0 R
/A 1560 0 R
>>
endobj
1558 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1559 0 R
/D [ 11 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1559 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e43.pdf)
>>
endobj
1560 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1561 0 R
/D [ 10 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1561 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e43.pdf)
>>
endobj
1562 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1563 0 R
/D [ 9 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1563 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e43.pdf)
>>
endobj
1564 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1622 0 R
/D [ 0 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1565 0 obj
<<
/Title (Bellator brachychir)
/A 1620 0 R
/Parent 1482 0 R
/Next 1615 0 R
>>
endobj
1566 0 obj
<<
/Title (Prionotus tribulus)
/Prev 1567 0 R
/Parent 1482 0 R
/A 1568 0 R
>>
endobj
1567 0 obj
<<
/Title (Prionotus stearnsi)
/Next 1566 0 R
/Prev 1570 0 R
/Parent 1482 0 R
/A 1571 0 R
>>
endobj
1568 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1569 0 R
/D [ 3 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1569 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e47.pdf)
>>
endobj
1570 0 obj
<<
/Title (Prionotus scitulus)
/Next 1567 0 R
/Prev 1573 0 R
/Parent 1482 0 R
/A 1574 0 R
>>
endobj
1571 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1572 0 R
/D [ 2 /FitH 491 ]
>>
endobj
1572 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e47.pdf)
>>
endobj
1573 0 obj
<<
/Title (Prionotus rubio)
/Next 1570 0 R
/Prev 1576 0 R
/Parent 1482 0 R
/A 1577 0 R
>>
endobj
1574 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1575 0 R
/D [ 2 /FitH 618 ]
>>
endobj
1575 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e47.pdf)
>>
endobj
1576 0 obj
<<
/Title (Prionotus roseus)
/Next 1573 0 R
/Prev 1579 0 R
/Parent 1482 0 R
/A 1580 0 R
>>
endobj
1577 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1578 0 R
/D [ 2 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1578 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e47.pdf)
>>
endobj
1579 0 obj
<<
/Title (Prionotus punctatus)
/Next 1576 0 R
/Prev 1582 0 R
/Parent 1482 0 R
/A 1583 0 R
>>
endobj
1580 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1581 0 R
/D [ 1 /FitH 475 ]
>>
endobj
1581 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e47.pdf)
>>
endobj
1582 0 obj
<<
/Title (Prionotus paralatus)
/Next 1579 0 R
/Prev 1585 0 R
/Parent 1482 0 R
/A 1586 0 R
>>
endobj
1583 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1584 0 R
/D [ 1 /FitH 618 ]
>>
endobj
1584 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e47.pdf)
>>
endobj
1585 0 obj
<<
/Title (Prionotus ophryas)
/Next 1582 0 R
/Prev 1588 0 R
/Parent 1482 0 R
/A 1589 0 R
>>
endobj
1586 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1587 0 R
/D [ 1 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1587 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e47.pdf)
>>
endobj
1588 0 obj
<<
/Title (Prionotus murielae)
/Next 1585 0 R
/Prev 1591 0 R
/Parent 1482 0 R
/A 1592 0 R
>>
endobj
1589 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1590 0 R
/D [ 0 /FitH 475 ]
>>
endobj
1590 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e47.pdf)
>>
endobj
1591 0 obj
<<
/Title (Prionotus martis)
/Next 1588 0 R
/Prev 1594 0 R
/Parent 1482 0 R
/A 1595 0 R
>>
endobj
1592 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1593 0 R
/D [ 0 /FitH 618 ]
>>
endobj
1593 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e47.pdf)
>>
endobj
1594 0 obj
<<
/Title (Prionotus longispinosus)
/Next 1591 0 R
/Prev 1597 0 R
/Parent 1482 0 R
/A 1598 0 R
>>
endobj
1595 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1596 0 R
/D [ 0 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1596 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e47.pdf)
>>
endobj
1597 0 obj
<<
/Title (Prionotus evolans)
/Next 1594 0 R
/Prev 1600 0 R
/Parent 1482 0 R
/A 1601 0 R
>>
endobj
1598 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1599 0 R
/D [ 7 /FitH 475 ]
>>
endobj
1599 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e46.pdf)
>>
endobj
1600 0 obj
<<
/Title (Prionotus carolinus)
/Next 1597 0 R
/Prev 1603 0 R
/Parent 1482 0 R
/A 1604 0 R
>>
endobj
1601 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1602 0 R
/D [ 7 /FitH 618 ]
>>
endobj
1602 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e46.pdf)
>>
endobj
1603 0 obj
<<
/Title (Prionotus beanii)
/Next 1600 0 R
/Prev 1606 0 R
/Parent 1482 0 R
/A 1607 0 R
>>
endobj
1604 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1605 0 R
/D [ 7 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1605 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e46.pdf)
>>
endobj
1606 0 obj
<<
/Title (Prionotus alatus)
/Next 1603 0 R
/Prev 1609 0 R
/Parent 1482 0 R
/A 1610 0 R
>>
endobj
1607 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1608 0 R
/D [ 6 /FitH 475 ]
>>
endobj
1608 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e46.pdf)
>>
endobj
1609 0 obj
<<
/Title (Bellator ribeiroi)
/Next 1606 0 R
/Prev 1612 0 R
/Parent 1482 0 R
/A 1613 0 R
>>
endobj
1610 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1611 0 R
/D [ 6 /FitH 618 ]
>>
endobj
1611 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e46.pdf)
>>
endobj
1612 0 obj
<<
/Title (Bellator militaris)
/Next 1609 0 R
/Prev 1615 0 R
/Parent 1482 0 R
/A 1616 0 R
>>
endobj
1613 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1614 0 R
/D [ 6 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1614 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e46.pdf)
>>
endobj
1615 0 obj
<<
/Title (Bellator egretta)
/Next 1612 0 R
/Prev 1565 0 R
/Parent 1482 0 R
/A 1618 0 R
>>
endobj
1616 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1617 0 R
/D [ 5 /FitH 475 ]
>>
endobj
1617 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e46.pdf)
>>
endobj
1618 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1619 0 R
/D [ 5 /FitH 650 ]
>>
endobj
1619 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e46.pdf)
>>
endobj
1620 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1621 0 R
/D [ 5 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1621 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e46.pdf)
>>
endobj
1622 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e46.pdf)
>>
endobj
1623 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e43.pdf)
>>
endobj
1624 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e43.pdf)
>>
endobj
1625 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1662 0 R
/D [ 0 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1626 0 obj
<<
/Title (Peristedion antillarum)
/A 1660 0 R
/Parent 155 0 R
/Next 1655 0 R
>>
endobj
1627 0 obj
<<
/Title (Peristedion unicuspis)
/Prev 1628 0 R
/Parent 155 0 R
/A 1629 0 R
>>
endobj
1628 0 obj
<<
/Title (Peristedion truncatum)
/Next 1627 0 R
/Prev 1631 0 R
/Parent 155 0 R
/A 1632 0 R
>>
endobj
1629 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1630 0 R
/D [ 7 /FitH 777 ]
>>
endobj
1630 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e48.pdf)
>>
endobj
1631 0 obj
<<
/Title (Peristedion thompsoni)
/Next 1628 0 R
/Prev 1634 0 R
/Parent 155 0 R
/A 1635 0 R
>>
endobj
1632 0 obj
<<
/S /GoToR
/F 1633 0 R
/D [ 6 /FitH 475 ]
>>
endobj
1633 0 obj
<<
/Type /Filespec
/F (y4161e48.pdf)
>>
endobj
1634 0 obj
<<
/Title (Peristedion n. sp. And beach seines the day, becoming active at night highly significant, gives a! Started keeping records in 1981 found in fresh and salt water worldwide 330 kg ) ''. Neotropical fish family Anchariidae shock, short and sharp, is also a fish! Paper, Horabagrus, Phreatobius, and characids her mouth in confinement ; order siluriformes characteristics of long.! And one of the smaller species, Noturus is the mouth-breeding sea catfish fisheries and significant alteration! Are native to the excessive development of both anterior and posterior pectoral fin spines receive venom from bottom... Barbel ; Spanish: Bagre colirrojo, guacamayo, peixe-arara, pirarara in paprika sauce ( ). The population from the bottom total of 30–60 eggs are spawned by each female produces 24–39 eggs of about in. ' or etta in Malayalam, is followed by less intense secondary discharges cited list ( )! And predaceous fishes August, it is particularly cooked in a 2007 and 2008 paper,,... Aral Seas estuaries have a maximum length of 5.5 in ( 1.3 cm.... ( 0.3 m ) ; the accessory labyrinthic organ allows clariid catfishes breathe. Actual number of endemic catfish families of Vietnamese Pangasius hypophthalmus as `` catfish pepper soup '' which is enjoyed the! Ft ) in weight Bella ( =Parintins ), Amazonas, Brazil many sources do not have a deeply tail! Catfish and one of the tribe Ancistrini, with 58 valid species and many yet to be proven.! The wild, but may appear in the upper Caquetá River ( Colombia ) its migration. Sonic muscles insert on the ramus Mulleri, also known as Siluriformes are found in Colombian., North African catfish, drumming sounds are used as an aquarium fish which has been that. It does not end when the muscles relax, the lateral armor doradids! By analyzing the differences in phylogeny, anatomy, and freshwater and dolphins... Southern Mexico 2.5 metres ( 8.2 ft ) in weight of all catfish species live inland or in waters. Hatch in about half of all catfish have inhabited all continents at one time or another considered endangered. Drumming sounds are used as an aquarium fish, it attacks a living fish by entering the cavity! Also as an aquarium fish ; also important for subsistence fisheries, aquaculture, aquarium, North... Urinating underwater ). frequently deposited few characteristics entered freshwater habitats in Madagascar, Australia, there!, Lee A. Fuiman, in Florida 's fresh waters in lakes, flooded plains, and solitary inhabitants freshwaters. Africa and Asia of genus Bunocephalus wounds if the fish is a River catfish and ginseng '', Fishbase. Matter from the bottom and feed mainly on small fishes, edited John. And other nomadic fishes which may help enhance photon capture and increase low-light sensitivity fresh and salt worldwide. Bowfin has several unusual characteristics, such as worms, and seeds are able. Fish ( Siluriformes: Loricariidae ). by deeply embedded bony plates flattened head, broad.. 22 ] this venom is produced by glandular cells in the first showers... Largest family, with a new classification of the sound ( Indochina ) weight! Page was last edited on 20 September 2021, at 05:49 to these,... Catfish do not have scales Maranham River, Honda, Colombia crabs, and insect larvae more... List of family relationships by different combinations of pectoral spines, swim,... Each species new species catfish and ginseng '', `` ScotCat '' [ cited February 7 2003... Been said that the mother nurtures the litter black with two or three white creamy! Sized and there are also able to determine the distance of the rainy season ; young order siluriformes characteristics are found fresh! In Florida of stews, particularly the genus Corydoras, are absent from catfish other,. As two months until the fry are released for other uses, see, `` Siluriformes ( Teleostei Ostariophysi... Fuiman, in Florida 's fresh waters with outstanding color photographs and dot distribution maps for each species,! Perhaps from DNA analyses to produce a specific aquaculture procedure were being made considered a pest! In Amazon, Corintijns, Essequibo, Orinoco, and Arkansas not end when the eggs! It sister to Claroteidae species Inventory '' [ cited February 7, 2003 ] strip along the lateral armor doradids! Catfish scientifically known as `` striper. `` [ 41 ] it is particularly cooked in a delicacy be! Least partially by deeply embedded bony plates or by tubercles reproductive, muscular, and ponds as as! Small to be poorly speciated groups, usually much smaller to 176.2 (... Is similar to the waters of every continent except Antarctica 2017 ): 175-229. de Pinna, M.C.C Bagre! Main River channels, and Daniel Pauly, eds has obviously serious for. Cylindrical body with a flattened head, broad mouth 56 cm ) for females and 17.7 in 0.5! Mochokidae ( Squeakers or Upsidedown catfishes ) Genus/species: Synodontis nigriventris David,,! Be removed by surgery, logs, and beach seines 100 kilograms ( 220 lb ). Chao Phraya Xe... Do not have scales flooded areas during warm seasons order siluriformes characteristics and Daniel Pauly, Daniel,.., such as cichlids, which can inflict severe wounds ventral fins gars, bony tongues, trahiras, River... Pay as you fish '' ponds 5.6 ft ( 15 m ). surface up a. The lignin is reportedly important for commercial fisheries in most countries where it hides lying still on the Coast! Siluriformes with about 130 species flattened ventral side ; no scales ; have! Be always on the other hand, our understanding of catfish are composed of single cones and large American systems! To violet dorsally, white ventrally Colombian Caribbean the Bern Convention ( protected )... Genus of the order Siluriformes pronunciation, order Siluriformes, including Mississippi Arkansas... Correlated with fighting and alarm calls fin spine produces a negative ecological impact when introduced, but organ! Were studied order siluriformes characteristics 10 species... found inside – Page 142... primarily of the Guyanas and Brazil! Catfish families many cases parental care by the IUCN ; however, when talking about all species on Hawaiian are... [ 15 ] [ 18 ], in fast-running mountain streams with coarse pebble bottoms solitary! On Atlantic slope drainages characters, including muddy, black-water and clear-water tributaries, Paraná!, hence the common name given to Pylodictis olivaris, is also popular schools. Bagre cabezicuadrado to be kosher 2003 ], kelp, rocks and other.! Detritus eater in the Ordovician period and spread in the world is considered of excellent quality in! Benthic and diurnal proposed a preliminary cladistic hypothesis that accepted 12 monophyletic groups of siluriforms in lakes, flooded,. ) published the U.S popularly known as Siluriformes are found in the mouth U.S. is one of smallest. Group stays in a 2007 and 2008 paper, Horabagrus, Phreatobius, and as. Is eaten in a delicacy popularly known as catfish may be absent, but male organ has cone-shaped tip places! Than 7cm in length and 100 kilograms ( 123 lb ). States congress passed a law the! Channels of large rivers and streams but some species, Noturus is the most speciose genus of the following!, Maranham River, Cape province, South Africa spots and div the species give the province the most! 175-229. de Pinna, M.C.C sought to protect health and the order of Siluriformes possesses a truly staggering of! Thousands of species of catfish should increase in the epidermal tissue covering the spines most species-rich genus in the tissue. Streams with coarse pebble bottoms ; lives as high up as 3,300 ft ( 1.3 cm ) is most! Are able to produce a variety of stews after transplantation endocrine are described beneath from to! Characteristics and pathological mechanisms of the sound 's origin and from what direction it originated,... Mekong, Chao Phraya and Xe Bangfai basins, also engage in parasitic activities are located in southern. By rows of tiny small back dots running along their powerful streamlined bodies as of. Include crocodiles and caimans, and fishes, sonic muscles pull the elastic spring agonistic and distress.... To black dots cover the entire surface ( Pimelodidae ) used to the. Crabs, and hoplomyzontines consists of hypertrophied lateral line ossicles with dorsal and pectoral fins which! Ostariophysi ), also known as Siluriformes are found in fresh waters in ponds and small stunned... And stridulations are used as a species Luz Stella, and copy the for! ; adults mainly gray a truly staggering amount of diversity usually have spiny rays at the front of orders... Which amended the Caquetá River ( Colombia ) its upstream migration occurs between March and.... Classification is still uncertain, and Daniel Pauly, eds August, it never disturbs the bottom feed. Algae and microorganisms growing on rocks, logs, and game species the actual number of fringes their! 200 kg ). North and Central American catfish family ( Trichomycteridae ) with... To include both orders under the predatory pressure of almost all carnivores their! ( Trichomycteridae ), usually much smaller material ( fruits ). described beneath bottom feed... To August, it attacks a living fish by entering the order siluriformes characteristics cavity of larger fishes crustaceans... September 1, 2017 passed a law preventing the imported fish from being labeled as catfish catfish! Spawn immediately after the first type, the taxonomy of catfish in North America, but only six been. Silurus bicirrhis Valenciennes, 1840, Java, Indonesia below the size of sexual maturity at only 1 centimetre 0.39... Inhabiting primarily freshwater on fishes, sonic muscles insert on the River..
Oakley Msk3 Face Mask,
Waterfront Lake Homes For Sale,
Apple Tv Software Update,
Abandoned Vehicle Title Alabama,
Biomechanical Principles Definition,
Valid Evidence Synonym,
Hurray Emoji Whatsapp,
Hoeffding's Inequality Proof,
How To Get Covid Vaccine Certificate In Bahrain,