Introduction . Quintessence Int. Frequency and predictors of pulpal healing with PCO after TDI Prevalence of pulp canal obliteration after TDI varies widely in clinical literature, ranging from 3 7% to 40% (Table 1) (4,6,18,25,26,33,37,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58) This range can be explained by differences in sample compositions. Calcified Pulp Chamber with Two Superimposed Floors: A Clinical Approach. A case report. Root canal calcification is considered a great challenge during root canal treatment. Obliteration of the pulp is defined as the deposition of hard tissue in the root canal space. According to the American Association of endodontists, it is defined as "A pulpal response to trauma that is characterized by deposition of hard tissue within the root canal space". Current Therapy in Endodontics encompasses the recent discoveries and applications for this field in one clinically relevant volume. Pulp canal obliteration: an endodontic diagnosis and treatment challenge. The third edition of Traumatic Dental Injuries: A Manual builds on the widespread success of the previous two editions. Pulp canal obliteration: an endodontic diagnosis and treatment challenge. Hegde SG , Tawani G , Warhadpande M , Raut A , Dakshindas D , Wankhade S J Conserv Dent , 22(6):607-611, 01 Nov 2019 Vui lòng cập nhật phiên bản mới nhất của trình duyệt của bạn hoặc tải một trong các trình duyệt dưới đây. Oginni AO, Adekoya-Sofowora CA, Kolawole KA. Dental trauma refers to trauma (injury) to the teeth and/or periodontium (gums, periodontal ligament, alveolar bone ), and nearby soft tissues such as the lips, tongue, etc. Based on this and other studies the authors suggested that pulp canal obliteration can occur subsequent to revascularization and/or re-innervation of a damaged pulp after injury. You can download the paper by clicking the button above. 2017.1345582. The problems arising from root canals in the daily clinical practice of dentistry can often be difficult and time-consuming to solve. Pulp canal obliteration: an instrumentation. Obliteration of the pulp is defined as the deposition of hard tissue in the root canal space. International Endodontic Journal, 45, 177-197, 2012. McCabe PS, Dummer PMH. You are currently offline. The new edition of this internationally recognised text offers comprehensive guidance on the successful management of the child in the dental setting. Even the most experienced clinicians encounter difficulties in achieving the goals of endodontic treatment in calcified canals. It is defined as a pulpal response to trauma that is characterized by deposition of hard tissues within the root canal space. Pulp canal obliteration (also termed pulp chamber obliteration or root canal obliteration) is a condition which can occur in teeth where hard tissue is deposited along the internal walls of the root canal and fills most of the pulp system leaving it narrowed and restricted.. Looking for abbreviations of PCO? This new text uses a quick-access atlas format to help you easily look up clinical signs, diagnosis, and treatments. J Endodontics. 96/637 (15%) of teeth with luxation injuries developed partial PCO, while 9 of these (1% of total) went on to develop total PCO. Nowadays, the use of new technologies has increased the predictability of the treatment of calcified teeth. adductor canal Hunter's canal . Pulp canal obliteration (PCO) occurs commonly following traumatic injuries to teeth. Found insideDent Update 40(1):48–50, 53–4, 57–8. McCabe PS, Dummer PM. (2012) Pulp canal obliteration: an endodontic diagnosis and treatment challenge. The exact causes of pulp obliteration are unclear but it typically occurs in response to dental trauma, especially . Endodontic treatment of taurodont teeth is stated to be complex and difficult due to the . Calcified root canal system provide an endodontic treatment challenge. If the teeth are impacted by a chronic irritant, the pulp space possibly will undergo calcific changes that may impede access opening during root canal treatment. The mechanism for CM is unclear. Found insideThis book describes the challenges that deep carious lesions pose for dental practitioners, including the risk of endodontic complications and the difficulty of restorative treatment, and identifies options for overcoming these challenges ... and radicular pulp canal spaces) The histologie evaluation of pulp canals that have been radiographie ally diagnosed as heing totally oblit-erated almost always confirms tbe existence of a nar-row pulp canal. Endodontic treatment should be initiated in teeth with tenderness to percussion, PAI scores > or =3 and a negative response to sensibility testing, based on the findings of this study. Oginni AO, Adekoya-Sofowora CA, Kolawole KA. In this case report a 21 years old female patient attended with complaints of discoloration, mild spontaneous pain, and several episodes of gingival swelling with history of trauma four years back in her both maxillary central incisors, and the case was evaluated clinico radiographically and the diagnosis was a case of calcification. McCabe PS, Dummer PMH. Int Endodontic J. Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) was developed more than 20 years ago to seal the pathways of communication of the root canal system. 2009;25(6):620-5. If an incorrect diagnosis/assessment of the clinical findings is made, improper management may result often leading to confusion, for example, performing endodontic treatment when it is not needed or providing some other treatment when root canal treatment is indicated. Calcification of teeth is a challenge in the diagnosis and treatment of root canals. Pulp canal calcification due to dental trauma is described by hard-tissue deposition within the root canal space causing partial or complete obliteration and difficulty in locating canals. Found insideThe Outcome of Endodontic Retreatment: A 2-yr Follow-up. ... Pulp canal obliteration: an endodontic diagnosis and treatment challenge. Year : 2019 | Volume: 22 | Issue: 6 | Page: 607-611: Guided endodontic therapy: Management of pulp canal obliteration in the maxillary central incisor: Shubha G Hegde 1, Gopal Tawani 2, Manjusha Warhadpande 1, Abhijeet Raut 3, Darshan Dakshindas 1, Sattyam Wankhade 4 1 Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Government Dental College and Hospital, Nagpur, India 2 Department of . Dental traumatology : official publication of International Association for Dental Traumatology. Found inside – Page 62Pulp canal obliteration: an endodontic diagnosis and treatment challenge. Int Endod J. 2012;45(2):177–97. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2591.2011.01963.x. Kiefner P, Connert T, ElAyouti A, Weiger R. Treatment of calcified root canals in elderly people: a clinical study about the accessibility, the time needed and the outcome with a three-year follow-up. 2012;45(2):177-97. Trauma to a tooth may impacts on obliteration of the pulp. McCabe PS, Dummer PM. Pulp canal obliteration: an endodontic diagnosis and treatment challenge. Aim To review the literature on pulp chamber and root canal obliteration in anterior teeth and to establish a clear protocol for managing teeth with fine, tortuous canal systems. Found insideThis book is intended as a practical guide to endodontic diagnosis, pathology, and treatment planning. Endodontic treatment of teeth with pulp canal obliteration presents a challenge given the high likelihood of procedural errors and complications during treatment. Developed by Dr. George A. Freedman, a renowned leader in the field, Contemporary Esthetic Dentistry also allows you to earn Continuing Education credits as you improve your knowledge and skills. It is Pulp Canal Obliteration. The exact causes of pulp obliteration are unclear but it typically occurs in response to dental trauma, especially . challenge in endodontic diagnosis and treatment. . Pulp canal obliteration (also termed pulp chamber obliteration or root canal obliteration) is a condition which can occur in teeth where hard tissue is deposited along the internal walls of the root canal and fills most of the pulp system leaving it narrowed and restricted.. Found inside – Page 452Root canal treatment is not necessary in some situations. exposure, ... McCabe D: Pulp canal obliteration: an endodontic diagnosis and treatment challenge, ... Case Difficulty Assessment Form and Guidelines B. Chicago: American Association of Endodontists, 2006. Purpose: to revascularize and/or regenerate pulp tissue for immature teeth. Total pulp canal obliteration (extended to the coro-na! 5. 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2011.01963.x International Endodontic Journal, 45, 177-197, 2012. Found insideGuiding references are provided. Performing molar endodontics is often a daunting prospect, regardless of the practice setting. This is where “Molar Endodontics” is an ideal source of guidance for practitioners. Introduction: To describe the endodontic treatment of lower incisors with pulp canal obliteration (PCO) and apical periodontitis after dental trauma and long-term orthodontic treatment. clinical signs and symptoms associated with pulp canal . By clicking accept or continuing to use the site, you agree to the terms outlined in our. Found inside – Page 311Endodontic Evaluation: Diagnosis and Treatment Planning In summary, the form is an ... Occurrence of pulp canal obliteration after luxation injuries in the ... In such cases that conventional endodontic treatment is impossible or impractical, intentional replantation may be considered as a last solution to preserve the tooth. A complete obliteration does not require a complete absence of pulp chamber and canal space. Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline McCabe PS, Dummer PM. Int Endod J 24. Vital pulp therapy. 2. Int Endod J 2012;45:177-97. 3 American Association of Endodontics. This article describes one case with a clinical treatment strategy using high technology for this second mandibular molar with pulp canal obliteration (PCO) using digital radiography (DR), dental . Guided endodontics has recently gained popularity as a successful treatment option for PCO as it overcomes the drawbacks of the conventional approach and the use of cone-beam computed tomography helps in the assessment of the extent and degree of obliteration three dimensionally and also aids in early identification of periapical lesion. Maxillary central incisor with two root canals: an unusual presentation. Found inside – Page 81Different treatment protocols for different pulpal and periapical diagnoses ... PM: Pulp canal obliteration: an endodontic diagnosis and treatment challenge ... Evaluation of radiographs, clinical signs and symptoms associated with pulp canal obliteration: an aid to treatment decision. Oginni AO, Adekoya-Sofowora CA, Kolawole KA. . A new clinical approach to a tooth with pulp canal obliteration, called guided endodontics, has been introduced. "Criteria for Management of Calcific Metamorphosis: Review with a Case Report". Indian Journal of Dental Research 15.2 (2004): 54-57. Found inside – Page 601Pulp canal obliteration: an endodontic diagnosis and treatment challenge. Int Endod J 2012;45:177–97. Sloan AJ, Smith AJ. Stimulation of the dentine-pulp ... Endodontic management of maxillary central incisor with pulp canal obliteration, Management of Calcific metamorphosis by conventional Root Canal Treatment. Endodontic therapy of an obliterated root canal is considered to be a real challenge and therefore extensive knowledge regarding internal anatomy of the root canal system and accurate diagnostic techniques are essential to proper treatment and successful results. Found inside – Page 71McCabe, P. S. & Dummer, P. M. (2012) Pulp canal obliteration: An endodontic diagnosis and treatment challenge. International Endodontic Journal 45, 177–197. - Google Chrome: https://www.google.com/chrome, - Firefox: https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/new. View 10 excerpts, references background and results. J Endod 2013;39:501-4. endodontic diagnosis and treatment challenge. The surgical treatment of a replanted tooth presenting PCC and periapical pathology eight years after the trauma shows the importance of close follow-up after dentoalveolar injuries. Occurrence of pulp canal obliteration after luxation injuries in the permanent dentition. DOI: 10.1080/ 19932820. 1 It is also referred to as pulp canal obliteration, dystrophic calcification, diffuse calcification, and calcific degeneration. Evaluation of radiographs, clinical signs and symptoms associated with pulp canal obliteration: an aid to treatment decision. Endodontic therapy is only indicated in 7%-27% of PCO cases if . Pulp canal obliteration: an endodontic diagnosis and treatment challenge. Endodontics is the prevention, diagnosis and management of diseases of the tooth pulp and the tissues surrounding the root of a tooth. This new edition is a complete guide to endodontics for dental students. Root canal obliteration is usually a Int Endod J 45(2): 177-97. AIM This literature review was conducted to discuss currently available information concerning PCO after traumatic dental injuries (TDI), and was gathered according to three topics: I) physiopathology ofPCO after TDI; II) frequency and predictors of pulpal healing induced by PCO; and III) clinical findings related to PCO. Pulp canal obliteration: an endodontic diagnosis and treatment challenge. These findings support those of Holcomb and Gregoryl~ in that the rationale for endodontic treatment should be the development of a Found insideThis book provides dental professionals with a clear understanding of current clinical and scientific knowledge on the various aspects of pulp treatment for both primary and young permanent teeth. The introduction of new technologies has increased the predictability of these treatments and, consequently, their success rates. In pulp canal obliteration cases, root perforation and canal deviation are the most common complications encountered. 2017; Amir F, Gutmann JL, Witherspoon DE. Evaluation of radiographs, clinical signs and symptoms associated with pulp canal obliteration: an aid to treatment decision. The introduction of new technologies has increased the predictability of these. Some features of the site may not work correctly. The layers of tissue that make up the tooth are clearly visible, with the pink pulp standing out against the paler dentine and tooth enamel. Summary Pulp canal obliteration (PCO) occurs commonly following traumatic injuries to teeth. Abstract. View 18 excerpts, references background and results. Aim To review the literature on pulp chamber and root canal obliteration in anterior teeth and to establish a clear protocol for managing teeth with fine, tortuous canal systems. Thus, from this latter aspect also, prophylactic endodontic therapy may seem logical.This study was undertaken to provide a basis for a rational treatment strategy that involves prophylactic endodontic treatment of teeth displaying pulp canal obliteration (PCO) subsequent to trauma. McCabe PS, Dummer PM. Pulp canal obliteration (PCO) or calcific metamorphosis as a sequela of dental trauma may occur in up to 40% of cases [1] [2] [3] . International Endodontic Journal 45: 177 - 197 . AIM: To review the literature on pulp chamber and root canal obliteration in anterior teeth and to establish a clear protocol for managing teeth with fine, tortuous canal systems. Cabo Vale M, Gonzales JM. 2003;29:220-1. The etiology, prevalence, classification, mechanism, diagnosis as well as treatment options for teeth with pulp obliteration are reviewed and the various management approaches and treatment strategies for overcoming potential complications are reviewed. These teeth provide an endodontic treatment challenge; the critical management decision being whether to treat these teeth endodontically immediately upon detection of the pulpal obliteration or to wait until symptoms or signs of pulp and or periapical disease occur. Pulp canal obliteration: an endodontic diagnosis and treatment challenge. adaptive morphological pattern of pulp response to trauma. Pulp canal obliteration: an endodontic diagnosis and treatment challenge. Endodontic treatment of calcified pulp systems (due to dental trauma or DD) is associated with a high risk of complications, such as root perforation, extensive dentinal hard tissue loss, and missing the root canal [14, 17].Thus, straight-line access close to or through the incisal edge was emphasized as being a key to preventing technical endodontic failures in anterior teeth with PCC []. Found insideThis book describes the most commonly methods used for the study of the internal anatomy of teeth and provides a complete review of the literature concerning the current state of research employing contemporary imaging tools such as micro ... The aesthetic and endodontic dilemmas of calcific metamorphosis (2007) Practical Periodontics and Aesthetic Dentistry, 9 (3), pp. 2017 Dec;12(1):1345582. International Endodontic Journal 2012; 45: 177-97. The effect of pulp obliteration on pulpal vitality of orthodontically intruded traumatized teeth. 2009;25(6):620-5. . An array of factors such as dental trauma, carious lesions, abfraction, abrasion, pulp capping, occlusal imbalance, Root Canal Treatment in Europe. Most of the literature does not support endodontic intervention unless periradicular pathosis is detected or the involved tooth becomes symptomatic, so it may be advisable to manage cases demonstrating CM through observation and periodic examination. Partial pulp canal obliteration (limited to the coro-nal part of the tooth) 2. vital pulp therapy such as pulp capping and pulpotomy. Diagnosis of symptomatic apical periodontitis with partial obliteration of the pulp canal was made and non surgical root canal treatment was advised to the patient. If carefully executed, root canal treatment in teeth with an obliterated pulp canal space is highly successful and may act as a basis for internal bleaching. Found inside – Page 387387 A clinical study of the effect of treatment variables such as treatment ... Pulp canal obliteration: an endodontic diagnosis and treatment challenge. 2012;45(2):177-97. On radiographic examination produce an imaging of the root canal space calcification in Calcific metamorphosis or pulp canal obliteration (PCO) is the pulpal response to trauma, characterized by rapid deposition of mineralized tissue in the root canal space. Dental traumatology : official publication of International Association for Dental Traumatology. Pulpotomy offered a viable alternative to root canal treatment for teeth with vital pulps in the short term and should be considered as a potential alternative approach to be further developed for future applications. Although the application of ultrasonic instruments and dental operating microscope (DOM) has advantages, dealing with calcified root canals still suffers a great risk of failure because of limited information about the location, length, and direction of obliteration on periapical radiographs. Pulp canal obliteration after traumatic injuries in permanent teeth - scientific fact or fiction? 4. al Nazhan S, Andreasen JO, al Bawardi S, al Rouq S. Evaluation of the effect of delayed management of traumatized permanent teeth. These drawbacks can be avoided by using a personalized 3-dimensional (3D) guide designed by overlaying a cone-beam computed tomographic scan with an intraoral scan of the patient. SUMMARY Titudin venenatis ipsum ac feugiat. PCO is considered the mechanism by which the pulp heals after replantation of avulsed immature permanent teeth and can be recognized radiographically during the first year from the onset of the trauma. Found inside – Page 25Pothukuchi K. Case assessment and treatment planning: what governs your ... Pulp canal obliteration: an endodontic diagnosis and treatment challenge. J Oral Rehab. Endodontic treatment becomes difficult with increased risk for iatrogenic damage. Accepted on June 12, 2018 Introduction The introduction of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) initiated new possibilities for diagnosis and prognosis in dental pathologies. 1995;21(7):391-3. Some are not.Dr Klugh and his contributing authors identify, apply and evaluate the principles of equine dentistry in relation to the horse-their similarities Int Endod J 45(2): 177-97 Plotino G, Buono L, Grande NM, Pameijer CH and Somma F (2008) Nonvital tooth bleaching: a review of the literature and clinical procedures. Pulp canal obliteration: an endodontic diagnosis and treatment challenge. Guided endodontics is a recent and an alternative solution in such cases. Radiographic diagnosis of Calcified canal requires a complete/partial obliteration of the pulp chamber and canal. Int Endod J. Although healing of dental pulp and adjacent tissue is the most favorable outcome of TDIs, complications such as pulp necrosis (PN), infection of the root canal system, pulp canal obliteration (PCO), crown discoloration, root resorption (RR), bone resorption, and ankylosis have frequently been associated with TDIs [1, 4]. large distal lesion enveloping the distal root and the furcation area was noted. Vui lòng xác nhận từ Zoiper để tạo cuộc gọi! Found inside – Page 152... signs and symptoms associated with pulp canal obliteration: an aid to treatment ... S.B. (2010) Challenges in regenerative endodontics: a case series. Evaluation of radiographs, clinical signs and symptoms associated with pulp canal obliteration: an aid to treatment decision. Found insideThis book is designed to provide the reader with a full understanding of the role of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) in helping to solve many of the most challenging problems in endodontics. Dent Traumatol. Trauma to a tooth may impacts on obliteration of the pulp. 1. Aim To review the literature on pulp chamber and root canal obliteration in anterior teeth and to establish a clear protocol for managing teeth with fine, tortuous canal systems. Pulp canal obliteration: an endodontic diagnosis and treatment challenge, Incidence of pulp necrosis subsequent to pulp canal obliteration from trauma of permanent incisors, International Association of Dental Traumatology: Australian Society of Endodontology Incorporated, Vital pulp therapy of mandibular incisors: a case report with 11-year follow up, Calcific metamorphosis: A challenge in endodontic diagnosis and treatment. Found inside – Page 72Pulp canal obliteration: an endodontic diagnosis and treatment challenge. International Endodontic Journal 45 (2): 177–197. Chapter 25 Krastl, G., Allgayer, ... Iran Endod J. The late development of pulp necrosis was significantly related to teeth classified as severely injured, and to teeth with complete root formation at the time of injury, and a comparatively rapid progress of the calcifying process appeared to be correlated with periradicular radiolucency. Management of pulp canal obliteration 59. Found insideThis book presents a multidisciplinary evidence-based approach to the management of teeth with lesions of endodontic-periodontal origin. Found insideA common sequelae to dental trauma is pulp However , since the decrease in translucency and acquisition of a canal obliteration , also referred to as ... To browse Academia.edu and the wider internet faster and more securely, please take a few seconds to upgrade your browser. Found inside – Page 542Calcific metamorphosis: a challenge in endodontic diagnosis and treatment. ... C. The clinical significance and management of calcific pulp obliteration. A 27-year-old female patient comes for a . Root canal calcification is considered a great challenge during root canal treatment. Calcification of teeth is a challenge in the diagnosis and treatment of root canals. Pulp canal obliteration: an endodontic diagnosis and treatment challenge. 2012; 45(2):177-97 (ISSN: 1365-2591) McCabe PS; Dummer PM. After choosing the guided endodontic treatment, an intraoral scan (Trios, 3shape, Copenhagen, Denmark), in conjunction with a cone beam computed tomography (CBCT . A retrospective evaluation of patients with uncomplicated crown fractures and luxation injuries. Summary Pulp canal obliteration (PCO) occurs commonly following . Textbook and Color Atlas of Traumatic Injuries to the Teeth, Fifth Edition encompasses the full scope of acute dental trauma, including all aspects of interdisciplinary treatment. Found inside – Page 246Pulp canal obliteration: an endodontic diagnosis and treatment challenge. Int Endod J. 2012;45(2):177–97. American Association of Endodontists. V Gopikrishna., et al. Guided Endodontics: Use of a Sleeveless Guide System on an Upper Premolar with Pulp Canal Obliteration and Apical Periodontitis Andres Torres DDS, MSD , Kathleen Lerut DDS, MSD , Paul Lambrechts DDS, MSD, PhD and Reinhilde Jacobs DDS, MSD, PhD Journal of Endodontics , 2021-01-01, Volume 47, Issue 1, Pages 133-139, […] N Malhotra and K Mala. Obliteration of pulp canal space after concussion and subluxation: endodontic considerations. The exact causes of pulp obliteration are unclear but it typically occurs in response to dental trauma, especially . <i>Methods</i>. Traumatized teeth with total pulp obliteration have a higher susceptibility to pulpal complications during orthodontic intrusion than traumatized teeth without or only partial pulpal obliteration. Achieving successful dentine-pulp regeneration clinically relies upon regulation of cell secretory activity if pulp canal obliteration and loss of tooth vitality is to be avoided. McCabe PS, Dummer PMH. 2. . Although the application of ultrasonic instruments and dental operating microscope (DOM) has advantages, dealing with calcified root canals still suffers a great risk of failure because of limited information about the location, length, and direction of obliteration on periapical radiographs. Download Endodontic vs. Periodontal Lesions: Diagnosis and Treatment for free. Found inside – Page 473... see nonodontogenic pain diagnosis pulpal diagnosis of. see pulpal diagnosis, ... 198-199 PCO (pulp canal obliteration), from luxated tooth, 426, ... Found inside – Page 447Calcific metamorphosis : A challenge in endodontic diagnosis and treatment Faisal ... It has also been referred to as pulp canal obliteration.2-5 CM is seen ... Pulp canal obliteration (also termed pulp chamber obliteration or root canal obliteration) is a condition which can occur in teeth where hard tissue is deposited along the internal walls of the root canal and fills most of the pulp system leaving it narrowed and restricted.. Academia.edu no longer supports Internet Explorer. Maxillary central incisor with two roots: a case report. Pulp canal obliteration after replantation of avulsed immature teeth: a systematic review. Burklein S, Tsotsis P, Schafer E. Incidence of dentinal defects pulp cavity. 387-396Li, Y., Greenwall, L., Safety issues of tooth whitening . Found inside – Page 10The second edition of Textbook of Endodontology continues the aim of serving the educational needs of dental students and dental practitioners searching for updates on endodontic theories and techniques. (2012) Pulp canal obliteration: an endodontic diagnosis and treatment challenge. Endodontics (also known as Root Canal Treatment (RCT)) is that specialty that deals with the tooth, the dental pulp and the surrounding tissues. Libyan J Med. Calcific metamorphosis: a challenge in endodontic diagnosis and treatment. Pulp canal obliteration . Int Endod J. The exact causes of pulp obliteration are unclear but it typically occurs in response to dental trauma, especially . McCabe PS, Dummer PM. Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. J Endod 34(4): 394-407 anal canal the terminal portion of the alimentary canal, from the rectum to the . The scope of endodontics includes, but is not limited to: the differential diagnosis and treatment of oral pains of pulpal and/or periapical origin. To review the literature on pulp chamber and root canal obliteration in anterior teeth and to establish a clear protocol for managing teeth with fine, tortuous canal systems. These teeth provide an endodontic treatment challenge; the critical management decision being whether to treat these teeth endodontically immediately upon detection of the pulpal obliteration or to wait until symptoms or signs of pulp and or periapical disease occur. Methods: A. alimentary canal see alimentary canal . If the endodontic treatment is indicated, there is a high risk of tooth perforation. Found inside – Page 281Even ferric sulfate causes early exfoliation of the treated teeth and has the ... Pulp canal obliteration is a common finding but the inhibitory factor in ... A 52-year-old female patient was diagnosed with chronic periapical periodontitis associated with severely calcified lower central incisors. Patients with uncomplicated crown fractures and luxation injuries in permanent teeth - scientific or!, clinical signs and symptoms associated with pulp canal obliteration: an aid to treatment decision,,. 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